State Some Causes of Cerebral Palsy

Many parents are happiest when they see their child for the first time right after its birth. No other moment is more scared than this. However, while some parents rejoice at the birth of their child other parents are crest fallen and dejected because their newborn child has been diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The question why does only my baby have cerebral palsy is in the minds of these affected parents. There is only one simple answer, which every physician gives to these anxious parents. Your child has brain damage!

Parents will then ask the next question to their doctor and that is "Why does my baby have brain damage in the first place?" Well the simple answer to both these questions would be children could get brain damage due to many causes and reasons. However, the main cause of cerebral palsy would be damage to the brain.

The brain consists of numerous tiny cells, which perform a number of actions. The brain is the smartest computer on earth and no other computer which is man made can compete with this tiny soft tissue of hundreds of cells. The brain is the authority, which gives commands to different parts of the body to perform different actions. When the part of the brain, which is in control of the muscles in the limbs, is damaged then the child develops cerebral palsy. There fore the main cause of cerebral palsy is damage to the brain. Injury to parts of the baby's brain while it is still in the womb, while being delivered, or just after birth can lead to cerebral palsy in the child.

The tissues and cells in the brain of an infant before and after it is born is very delicate. The brain needs oxygen to survive and develop. If it is denied the oxygen, it needs then the cells can die a natural death leading to cerebral palsy in the child. This can happen when the umbilical cord connecting the unborn baby and mother becomes coiled around the baby's neck causing an insufficient supply of oxygen to the brain of the infant. Some babies fail to get the desired volume of oxygen due to their mother's high blood pressure. This also can cause cerebral palsy by damaging certain cells in the brain.

Medical mistakes are also another major cause for cerebral palsy in babies and children. This usually happens during and after birth. Moms to be should also abstain from alcoholic drinks, drugs and any other injurious medicines that can lead to lack of brain development in the unborn child in the womb. These are some of the major causes of cerebral palsy in children. While most parents find it difficult to find out what exactly caused cerebral palsy in their children, researchers are trying their best to determine exact causes too. Researchers have found that birth trauma could be a major cause of thousands of children suffering from cerebral palsy. This has led to more research so that exact causes of cerebral palsy can be determined.

Melvin Kops, the author of many articles regarding health, nutrition and medicine is an expert in his field. Well qualified in medicine, Kops has been writing about various diseases, their causes and their possible cures. Having a keen interest in writing, Kops has coupled his knowledge of medicine with his flair of writing to dispense information about various diseases and cures.

Cerebral Palsy Attorney

Parents are hit hard the moment they learn that their child has cerebral palsy. After nine months of expecting the baby's birth, parents are often devastated when that baby is inflicted by an impairment caused by damage to the brain.

Cerebral palsy is a condition of the brain that affects the control of muscles and movement. It is non-progressive ailment yet often incapacitates the patient. A child with cerebral palsy is often shackled to a wheelchair and required a lifetime of professional medical care. The child's parents will suffer emotionally and will be forced to carry the heavy burden, both physical and financial.

The financial consequence to a lifelong treatment of cerebral palsy is the most difficult thing to handle by most parents. A rough estimate on the totaled expenses of a lifetime of treatment costs is equivalent to over $500,000. This figure is quite overwhelming, especially when there's no one to ask help from.

Parents can turn to a cerebral palsy lawyer for legal help. This is especially true when the circumstances that lead to occurrence of it to a child are caused by bad medical practice.

Can You Really Blame Medical Malpractice for Cerebral Palsy?

In the US alone, thousands of babies and young children are diagnosed with cerebral palsy each year. The causes of cerebral palsy are still uncertain, but many evidences from numerous studies have shown that the damage to the brain incurred during and/or after childbirth may result to this.

The incurable cerebral palsy is believed to be caused by brain damage; but the factors that could lead to brain damage are certainly preventable. The hospital administration, the hospital staff, and the medical personnel are all responsible for the safety of both the baby and the mother during the birthing process. A number of measures should be taken by the hospital medical staff to provide protection to all patients.

Some basic precautionary measures are as follows:

Provide adequate oxygen supply to both the mother and the baby during delivery;
Examine the mother and child for any maternal or fetal infections so that diagnosis and treatment can be done immediately;
Prepare to perform a C-section operation to deliver child in case of emergency;
Knowledgeable use of equipment for child delivery; namely, vacuum extraction device and forceps; and,
Detect indications of fetal distress and respond at once.
Everyone in the medical profession knows that failure to abide to these basic safety rules may cause irrevocable damage to the brain of the newborn, which may result to cerebral palsy.

Contact a Cerebral Palsy Lawyer If:

The mother suffered difficulty while in labor and during child delivery.
The mother had an operation by C-section.
The baby was born by normal delivery but with use of forceps and/or vacuum extraction.
The baby needed resuscitation or had a seizure right after birth.
The baby had an infection (viral or bacterial), like meningitis.
The baby had jaundice.
Both the mother and the baby suffered any kind of complications during childbirth.

David Austin is an Attorney focused on complex injury cases. You can learn more about Cerebral Palsy Attorney at his website, Burke-Eisner.com

Cerebral Plasticity: New Perspectives

The notion that neurons in the living brain can change in response to experience--a phenomenon known as "plasticity"--has become a major conceptual issue in neuroscience research as well as a practical focus for the fields of neural rehabilitation and neurodegenerative disease. Early work dealt with the plasticity of the developing brain and demonstrated the critical role played by sensory experience in normal development. Two broader themes have emerged in recent studies: the plasticity of the adult brain (one of the most rapidly developing areas of current research) and the search for the underlying mechanisms of plasticity--explanations for the cellular, molecular, and epigenetic factors controlling plasticity. Many scientists believe that achieving a fundamental understanding of what underlies neuronal plasticity could help us treat neurological disorders and even improve the learning capabilities of the human brain. This volume offers contributions from leaders in the field that cover all three approaches to the study of cerebral plasticity. Chapters treat normal development and the influences of environmental manipulations; cerebral plasticity in adulthood; and underlying mechanisms of plasticity. Other chapters deal with plastic changes in neurological conditions and with the enhancement of plasticity as a strategy for brain repair.

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Questions About Cerebral Palsy

What is the cerebral palsy (CP) exactly?

Cerebral palsy is a disorder that occurs at a time in a child's development, the motor cells in the central nervous system, is chronic and progressive disorder or disability due to brain tissue that has not finished growing. Although the cerebral lesion is static and not progressive, but the development of signs of peripheral neurons will change due to cerebral maturation.

When a child began to suffer from cerebral palsy. Is it still in the womb or after birth?

There are several types. At the time of prenatal, during partus, and postnatal. In prenatal cases, nutrients and disturbance on the fetus could be why. While in partus, from the vacuum case can occur. Cerebral Palsy cases in can be caused by postnatal infection, such as meningitis. Baby at birth is very vulnerable and susceptible viruses. If already infected, the virus can directly attack the brain. When brain damage, this disease can occur. Parents can also get this disease. So this is depending on risk factors. If present, has a lot of immunization, so rarely infected.

What specific characteristics of cerebral palsy?

Any delay in the process of child development. For example, 1.5-year-olds can not walk yet, it should be expected. Another symptom is a neck that is still weak at the time the baby has reached the age of three months. Essentially, This is a developmental disorder, not a growth disorder. Only in some patients, no motor disturbances occurred. In the early stages, is not accompanied by symptoms of fever. However, if the Cerebral Palsy is caused by infection with an illness, fever may appear.

How is the brain, from children with CP, whether due to injury or certain disabilities?

This Disease is not caused by injury to the brain. Implicitly rather than injury, but due to lack of oxygen supply to certain parts of the brain that causes the damaged section. This chance of damage becomes permanent damage. But with special care, the level of damage can be repaired to as much as 90 percent.

Does it matter to the intelligence?

Intelligence is not always disturbed in people with CP. There are patients who can go to school instead and achieve. Many patients can even continue their education up to university. All depends on the severity of Cerebral Palsy suffered.

Is Mikrosefali identical with cerebral palsy?

Mikrosefali is a state the size of the head circumference is smaller than standard size I was thinking that mikrosefali was always identical with CP but in fact children who suffer mikrosefali and late in its development is not necessarily cerebral palsy.

Would it be annoying sufferer independence level of patient? Does the patient continue to depend on others and can not fend for himself?

In the UK and Scandinavia 20-25% of patients with this disease are able to work as a labor management; as much as 30-35% of all CP patients with mental retardation require special care. Best prognosis in mild-degree functional. Prognosis gain weight if accompanied by mental retardation, seizures resurrection, vision and hearing disorders.

How about the cerebral palsy treatment?

There is no specific treatment for CP. Therapy is symptomatic, which is expected to improve the condition of the patient. Very early therapy can prevent or reduce the neurological symptoms. To determine the type of therapy or training provided and to determine its success, it is necessary to consider classification of CP based on the degree of functional ability of mild degree, medium and heavy. The goal of therapy is to help patients and their families improve motor function and prevent deformities and emotional adjustment and education so that patients may need a little help from others, patients are expected to be independent.

Drugs that are given depend on the symptoms that arise. For example, patient should be given anti-seizure seizures. For can be given baclofen and diazepam. If symptoms appear is nigiditas, it can be given levodopa Therapy may be needed orthopedic surgery and neurological surgery to reconstruct the deformities that occur.

Actually, CP will suffer lifelong. Doctors just do therapy to maximize function. Suppose to help the development of patient's legs. Previously could not walk, and with therapy and exercise, their muscles relaxed and can walk.

Reference: Cerebral Palsy in Children

This paper published by the Medical Online Media. We provide information about health, disease symptom and medical advice. You can find and access various health information based on topics by free.

Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain: 3-D Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging (Thieme Classics)

In this superb atlas, the distinguished authors offer the "proportional grid system" of brain imaging. This unique process makes it possible to localize neuroanatomic structures not visible with traditional radiologic methods. Unlike the classic method of spatial reading, which is valid only with the particular brain under consideration, the proportional grid creates a frame of reference applicable to all brains being examined. This is especially beneficial for clinical studies, electroencephalographic investigations, and statistical computations.

Special features of the book include: a full, three-dimensional atlas of the human brain; a series of anatomic sections done for the frontal, horizontal, and sagittal planes; practical examples for use in neuroradiologic examinations; and basal lines forming a frame of reference that defines orientation and spatial position of structures within the cerebral mass. This stereotaxic process is designed to maximize accuracy, reliability, and safety.

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Information on Cerebral Palsy That Every Parent Should Know

What is cerebral palsy and how does it affect patients? Many parents still don't know much about cerebral palsy and it's not something they think about very often. That is, unless it's affecting a member of their family. Cerebral palsy or CP is a serious condition that affects two or three children out of every 1,000 born each year. With so many cases in the US it would seem like more people would be educated on the topic but there are many people who couldn't tell you what it is or how it affects patients. It is crucial that people, especially parents obtain information on CP to easier identify this condition.

Any child can get CP because the exact cause is unknown and there is no cure. It's not inherited and it's not contagious but it can show up within the first few years of a child's life. If your child is diagnosed with CP, there are treatments that may help but it's something they will have to live with for the rest of their life. Considering this fact, more parents should be aware of the signs and symptoms of CP so they know what to look for if their child is having problems.

Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect the developing brain causing many problems. It can be a defect or a lesion on the brain the child was born with. It could be due to trauma that occurred during or after childbirth. It can even be caused by an infection. Whatever, the reason a child ends up with the condition, early detection is very important. This article aims to give you some information on cerebral palsy.

CP causes cognitive and motor impairment that prevents the child from being able to control their reflexes and muscles. Some of the complications that are closely associated with CP include hearing impairment and vision problems. It can cause mental disabilities and cause the patient to have gastrointestinal dysfunctions as well. Tooth decay and seizures are also closely related to cerebral palsy.

Symptoms will vary with each child and can be severe or mild. In some cases, you may barely even notice there is a problem. The child may simply experience a little awkwardness or be a little slower than normal when they walk or talk. Still, most of these children can grow up to live happy productive lives.

Severe cerebral palsy, on the other hand, will require the assistance of a nursing care plan for cerebral palsy in order to care for the child efficiently. It can be very difficult for the whole family when a child has this condition because they won't even be able to perform simple task such as brushing their teeth, feeding themselves or even getting dressed. Everything is a challenge and they are prone to accidents so constant supervision is necessary.

Of course, there is a wide range in-between the mild and serious cases that affect millions of children and adults all across the United States. It may be a hard thing to accept but the more you know about this condition the better. It will help you to recognize symptoms better for early detection so you can get your child the care they need and deserve much faster. Once you have obtained sufficient information on cerebral palsy be sure to pass it on to all the people if your life. In doing so you can help people understand and come to terms with cerebral palsy.

Read more about information on cerebral palsy. Visit http://www.cerebralpalsyhelp.net

What Are the Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy?

Cerebral palsy falls into three different categories namely spastic cerebral palsy, Athetotic palsy and Ataxic cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is a disorder that occurs when the part of the cells that makes up the part of the brain in control of muscular movements are damaged or destroyed.

The signs and symptoms of more than a single type of cerebral palsy can be seen in a mixed condition in some children. However, generally the signs and symptoms exhibited by children with cerebral palsy could be from mild to even severe. The symptoms of cerebral palsy however do not get worse as the child grows.

The signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy in children include stiffness in muscles and spasticity when the muscles become completely frozen, a walking gait that is asymmetrical with either one foot or leg, which they tend to drag. They have lack of muscle co ordination when they perform actions. Their muscles could be either too stiff or floppy and they will show signs of excessive drooling because they are unable to swallow anything even the saliva. This can be seen especially when they suck something or when they are speaking. Tremors can be seen on their body and they will find it difficult to perform simple actions like buttoning a shirt or suing a pencil or pen to write something. Though some children with cerebral palsy can show signs of mental retardation, others are very bright and intelligent. While some may need assistance to go about their daily lives there are still others who may need special care and the use of a wheel chair.

In infants who are suffering from cerebral palsy the signs are obvious from an early age itself. If parents notice that their infants are not making the milestones that infants of the same age group are making then they have to seek medical assistance to diagnose if their infant has cerebral palsy. Infants may take more time to roll over or even difficulty I controlling their heads. They may be very slow when it comes to crawling and standing or even walking. Parents need to watch for these signs in their infants and if they feel that their infant is not making any headway in walking or even crawling by the time it is 18 months old then it is obvious that their infant has cerebral palsy.

Another sign in children with cerebral palsy is seizures and abnormal movements. Seizures occur because of electrical short circuits that take place in the brain. If you happen to see a child who has difficulty in swallowing or even while speaking with their saliva drooling from their mouths then you can be sure that that the child has cerebral palsy as drooling is a sign of this disorder. Drooling happens because of the child's difficulty to control and move not only its tongue and mouth but also its throat muscles.

All these above signs and symptoms are sure indications that you child has cerebral palsy. You need to consult your physician immediately.

Melvin Kops, the author of many articles regarding health, nutrition and medicine is an expert in his field. Well qualified in medicine, Kops has been writing about various diseases, their causes and their possible cures. Having a keen interest in writing, Kops has coupled his knowledge of medicine with his flair of writing to dispense information about various diseases and cures.

Cerebral Vascular Accident

Cerebrovascular accident is the medical term for an event more commonly known as "stroke" and for the purpose of this assignment the word "stroke" will be used. A stroke is a sudden event affecting the blood vessels of the brain. Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States and the second leading cause of death in the world (Lopez et al, 2001).

With treatment, stroke prevention and therapy are advancing all the time. The outlook for those who suffer ischemic or subarachnoid episodes continues to improve. The key to all success where stroke is concerned is early diagnosis and subsequent treatment. An individual is more at risk of suffering a stroke if they have:

Suffered a stroke previously
Suffered a myocardial infarction
Had a transient ischemic attack (mini-stroke)
Have an artificial heart valve
Suffer uncontrolled hypertension
Are diabetic
Are known to have raised cholesterol
Have a family history of strokes

Any one or combination of the above can provide predisposing factors for having a stroke. Patients who suffer these types of risk factors or conditions are encouraged to carry on them some form of identification of the fact, so that in the event of a medical emergency or unexpected hospital admission physicians may be able to determine a diagnosis or cause for the problem more quickly. There are several different types of stroke all with different causes and presenting symptoms, this learning material focuses on the three main types of stroke:

Ischemic Stroke Ischemic stroke is known to be the most common type accounting for around 80% of all strokes. It is caused by a clot or other blockage within an artery leading to the brain (Stroke Center, date unknown). The presenting symptoms of an ischemic stroke include:

Headache
Muscle weakness
Paralysis
Reduced/lost sensation on one side of the body
Dysphasia ( difficulty speaking)
Confusion/incoherence
Visual disturbance
Loss of co-ordination and balance
Dizziness

Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and results of physical examination, imaging tests and blood tests (Merck Manuals, 2007). There is no blood test or electrocardiogram (ECG) specific for stroke, and CT scans may be entirely normal for up to six hours after acute onset of stroke. Thus the neurologist becomes an irreplaceable member of the team to acutely evaluate stroke patients (Llinas, 2006). A condition called "atherosclerosis" is commonly the cause of the blockage of the blood vessel, and atherosclerosis pertains to fatty deposits that accumulate on the walls of the vessels causing a disruption or total blockage to the much needed blood supply to the brain. These fatty deposits can cause two types of obstruction:

Cerebral thrombosis - this refers to a thrombus (blood clot) that develops at the clogged part of the vessel.

Cerebral embolism - this refers generally to a blood clot that forms at another location in the circulatory system, usually the heart and large arteries of the upper chest and neck. A portion of the blood clot breaks loose, enters the bloodstream and travels through the brains blood vessels until it reaches vessels too small to let it pass. A second important cause of embolism is an irregular heartbeat, known as atrial fibrillation. It creates conditions where clots can form in the heart, dislodge and travel to the brain. (American Stroke Association, 2008) Rapid intervention is required to provide optimal treatment for the patient who has suffered an acute ischemic stroke. Early assessment and rapid intervention are crucial to avoid the risk of permanent disability or at worse death. The use of rapid assessment and early intervention is essential in all presenting cases. Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator has been labeled for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, but it must be given within three hours of stroke onset. However, fibrinolytic therapy can be given safely to only a fraction of patients with acute stroke, and more broadly applicable therapies are needed. Recent evidence does not support the routine use of heparin in patients with acute stroke, and early use of aspirin offers only modest benefit (Benavente and Hart, 1999). The use of Aspirin to treat those who have had an ischemic stroke is not uncommon, Aspirin works in such a way as to thin the blood to sufficient levels to avoid the formation of blood clots that can cause such events.

Intra-cerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) An intra-cerebral hemorrhage is one of two types of hemorrhagic stroke and is a type of stroke caused by the sudden rupture of an artery within the brain. Blood is then released into the brain, compressing brain structures (Stroke Center, date unknown). The most common cause of intra-cerebral hemorrhage is hypertension. Difficulties arise when individuals experience high blood pressure without knowledge of the fact, as more often than not hypertension does not display any adverse symptoms. There are some less common causes of intra-cerebral hemorrhage and these include:

Trauma (particularly head injury)
Infection (systemic)
Abnormalities with individual blood vessels
Blood clotting disorders

Oral anticoagulation is another factor that contributes to the increasing incidence of intra-cerebral hemorrhage. As the population continues to age, the number of indications for long-term anticoagulation continue to increase (Ansell et al, 2001). Because of the high mortality rate of patients who have suffered intra-cerebral hemorrhage often is the case that anticoagulation therapy is avoided due to possible undesirable effects such as ICH. Intra-cerebral hemorrhages tend to begin abruptly and the patient will usually experience a severe headache. Other presenting symptoms may also be:

Weakness, paralysis or loss of sensation usually affecting one side of the body only.
Slurred speech
Confusion or altered level of comprehension
Loss of consciousness

Brain CT or MRI scan is the popular diagnostic tool in the case of ICH. Results are quick and conclusive therefore allowing management of the problem to begin without delay. At this current time there is no FDA approved treatment for intra-cerebral hemorrhage, unlike other types of stroke. Treatment depends on the location, cause, and extent of the hemorrhage. Surgery may be needed, especially if there is bleeding in the cerebellum. Surgery may also be performed to repair or remove structures causing the bleed such as a cerebral aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (Dr Koop, 2006). The prognosis for intra-cerebral hemorrhage is more likely to be fatal than that of ischemic stroke. Bleeding is usually more severe and damage to the brain profound. Where death does not occur, there is nearly always depleted brain function.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) A subarachnoid hemorrhage is also a type of stroke caused by the sudden rupture of an artery. This type of stroke is the second type of "hemorrhagic stroke". A subarachnoid hemorrhage differs slightly from an intracerebral hemorrhage in that the location of the rupture leads to blood filling the space surrounding the brain rather than inside of it (Stroke Center, date unknown). The most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is abnormalities in the blood arteries at the base of the brain. These are called "aneurysms". The arteries swell and become weak they can then rupture causing the hemorrhage to occur. Known risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage include:

Smoking
Putative factors such as: increasing age, female gender, black race, alcohol abuse, binge drinking.
Increased risk with high body mass index has been suggested.

And causative factors include:

Trauma
Vascular malformations of the brain or spinal cord
Blood dyscrasias
Less commonly reported: tumors, infection and vasculopathies.

(Neuroland, date unknown)

When an intracranial aneurysm ruptures into the subarachnoid compartment, it causes a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). An estimated 10% of SAH cases result in sudden death due to the rapid and marked increases in intracranial pressure caused by the ruptured aneurysm (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2006). Rapid diagnosis is essential in all cases of SAH, as treatment is possible even if the outcome is not always a positive one. Head CT scan is the commonest diagnostic imaging used in suspected cases of SAH. Not only is the test one which is easy to arrange and quick to perform it also gives clear and concise data on the extent of damage, if any to the brain. In cases where CT brain appears normal a lumbar puncture would be the next test as in some cases blood can be detected in the spinal fluid obtained during the test.

There are varying types of symptoms of a subarachnoid hemorrhage however acute onset of severe headache is the most common. This is often associated with vomiting, and in serious cases coma occurs soon after the cerebral aneurism has ruptured. Surgery is one option in the treatment of SAH, if the hemorrhage is due to an injury or ruptured aneurysm. If no blood clot or aneurysm is identified then medical management is the way forward. For some with extensive damage death is likely and despite treatment cannot be avoided. Where medical management is possible, treatment may be as follows:

Use of intravenous anti-hypertensives is preferable, as high blood pressure will undoubtedly exacerbate the problems and risks.
Analgesia and anti-anxiety medications are also helpful to minimize pain and distress caused by the event.
In many cases anti-seizure treatment such as 'Phenytoin' is given as patients can be at risk of seizures due to increased pressure in the brain.
Bed rest to avoid exertion and subsequent pressure to the brain will be recommended.
Avoidance of straining is also essential, and in most cases patients are given stool softeners and/or laxatives to assist bowel movements and avoid straining.

With treatment is 'stroke' prevention and therapy advancing all the time the outlook for those who suffer ischemic or subarachnoid episodes continues to improve. The key to all success where stroke is concerned is early diagnosis and subsequent treatment.

Michael Morales

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Hypothermia and Cerebral Ischemia: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

A comprehensive review of the scientific and clinical studies that have led to the resurgence of interest in hypothermia as a neuroprotective strategy in the treatment of stroke and traumatic brain injury. Topics of special importance include intraoperative and intensive care management of hypothermia-treated patients, a critical look at the potential for combining hypothermia with pharmacotherapy, and an update on the latest technological advances that have made hypothermic treatment possible in today's clinical setting.

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Treating Cerebral Palsy With Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

What is Cerebral Palsy?

The term cerebral palsy refers to a class of disorders which results in severely impaired motor skills, leading to spastic movements, loss of fine motor control, and awkwardly contracted muscles. While the exact cause of cerebral palsy is cannot always be determined, complications or injuries sustained during birth account for many cases of cerebral palsy.

There is no known cure for cerebral palsy; it is a lifelong disorder. However, with intensive treatment and therapy regimens, as well as attention and care from parents and medical personnel, many children with cerebral palsy can become functional, relatively independent adults.

An Overview of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) is the administration of high concentrations of pure oxygen in a strong- but controlled-pressure environment. Originally developed as a treatment for decompression sickness in divers, HBOT essentially creates an extremely oxygen-rich blood supply and internal body environment. HBOT has also proven effective in promoting the healing process for severe burn victims and patients with severe, slow-healing wounds.

HBOT for cerebral palsy is generally administered at a pressure equivalent to being 16.5-25 feet below sea level, in one-hour sessions. Studies have supported the benefits of HBOT in cerebral palsy patients, improving the patients' speech, hearing, and vision capabilities, while reducing spasticity by up to 50%.

Scientists theorize that the effectiveness of HBOT in treating the symptoms of cerebral palsy goes back to the root causes of cerebral palsy. In patients with cerebral palsy, the brain has difficulty communicating with the rest of the body, leading to the characteristic spastic, jerky movements. In some cases, where cerebral palsy is caused by traumatic head injuries tied to birth complications, a lack of oxygen flow to and increased swelling in certain areas of the brain causes these sections to fall into a dormant state. The hyper-oxygenated environment created by HBOT appears to promote a revival of these dormant areas and reduce the brain swelling by constricting blood vessels.

As with many forms of treatment, HBOT has proven more effective if administered in the early stages of cerebral palsy; however, some evidence exists which shows benefits for HBOT even years after symptoms first appear.

The risks of properly-administered HBOT are fairly minor. The most common side effect of HBOT therapy is ear discomfort, similar to the effect of rapidly ascending in an airplane. This is due to the pressure differential created by the HBOT's high-pressure environment. In very rare cases, damage to the eardrum may result if the pressure is not alleviated. Simple techniques such as swallowing, jaw movements, or the Valsalva maneuver are all able to equalize this pressure difference.

For more information on cerebral palsy and other birth injuries, visit the website of Williams Kherkher's birth injury attorneys at http://www.birth-injurylawyers.com

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Cerebral Microbleeds: Pathophysiology to Clinical Practice

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability throughout the world. About one in three symptomatic strokes are due to disease of small perforating arteries; however, most effective interventions are targeted at disease of large arteries. The underlying mechanisms and treatment of small vessel disease remain poorly understood. Microbleeds have emerged as a critical imaging marker of small vessel disease, being found in all types of stroke. With increasing evidence that microbleeds are caused by hypertensive arteriopathy and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, they are likely to play a strong future role in increasing our understanding of the causes of small vessel disease and the potential link between cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Cerebral Microbleeds summarizes our current knowledge, bringing together expert research from global authorities in the field. This authoritative and systematic text will be of interest to all clinical researchers and physicians in the fields of stroke and cognitive impairment.

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Cerebral Palsy Types

Cerebral palsy has affected over 500,000 children and adults throughout the country. Unfortunately this disorder has no cure. There are some treatments that will help to relieve some of the symptoms but for the most part it is not going to make it go away entirely.

Cerebral palsy affects the muscle tone, movement and motor skills. Generally the main cause of this disorder is brain damage that occurs during birth. But there are some instances that it has happened after birth.

Cerebral palsy has different types, the three different types are spastic cerebral palsy, athetoid cerebral palsy, and ataxic cerebral palsy.

Each of these types will affect you differently. Spastic will cause stiffness and make movement very difficult, they will be jerky movements rather then smooth. Athetoid causes random and involuntary movements throughout your entire body, including your face. Ataxic cerebral palsy will cause poor coordination of movements, and your balance and coordination will make it difficult to walk. This type of cerebral palsy is rare, but it does affect more then enough people.

No matter which type of cerebral palsy you have it will affect muscle control and coordination making the normal routines very difficult to do such as breathing, going to the bathroom, or eating. Living with cerebral palsy is extremely difficult, and it's also hard for the caretaker as well. It can easily become very frustrating, but it should be kept in mind that it's also very hard for the person that is dealing with the disorder. Someone suffering from cerebral palsy is not necessarily dumb, they just can not articulate themselves because of the part of their brain that the cerebral palsy has affected. Imagine if you all of a sudden was unable to speak would that mean that you should be considered dumb. No you shouldn't just because you all of a sudden was unable to communicate verbally doesn't mean that you are dumb. Keep that in mind.

It's important that you look into the many different treatments for cerebral palsy, because they will help to alleviate some of the symptoms of the disorder. Some of these treatments will include physical therapy, speech therapy, and botox injections. I understand you may feel like what's the point of doing therapy if it is not going to completely get rid of all of the symptoms, but if you were given the chance to be able to function a bit easier wouldn't you want to take advantage of it, and this is what some of these therapy treatments will do for you.

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Cerebral Palsy Discrimination Still a Problem

Ignorance and Thoughtlessness still result in Discrimination against Cerebral Palsy Victims

Rajiv Rajan recently made headlines for cerebral palsy discrimination when he was asked to disembark from an Air Sahara plane. Because he was wheelchair-bound and suffered from some of the symptoms of cerebral palsy, which can include lack of muscle control and movement, seizures, spasms, visual and hearing problems, and hyperactivity, they believed that it was a risk to have him on board, and requested he produce either a certificate showing he was fit to fly or another individual to accompany him. Since he had neither, he missed his flight to New Delhi, where he had business to conduct.

When Air Sahara refused to let him on board, he tried with another airline, SpiceJet, and was refused again. To add insult to injury, Air Sahara called the police, and even when police vouched for him, airline officials still refused to welcome Mr. Rajan aboard.

For Most, Cerebral Palsy Discrimination a Daily Occurrence

Most victims of cerebral palsy discrimination, however, never make the news. Ask anyone who has been diagnosed with cerebral palsy about getting a job, and you'll hear story after story of cerebral palsy employment discrimination. Even walking down the street, many people mistake the seizures and spasms for drunkenness. There have been cases where a display of the hyperactivity that accompanies cerebral palsy has resulted in some thinking that they are high on drugs.

Education, Putting Aside Assumptions, Key to the Solution

Organizations such as United Cerebral Palsy (UCP) and Scope attempt to educate the public to decrease this type of discrimination. Only when people are educated about the possible symptoms a person with cerebral palsy and similar diseases might show will discrimination begin to diminish.

Visit Cerebral Palsy Information for more cerebral palsy resources.

Several Kinds Of Cerebral Palsy Treatment

Those families have kids with cerebral palsy; think that there is no treatment for it. The only thing those families can do is search out the most excellent treatment for their children. The kind of treatment that could be done for a child depends on what kind of cerebral palsy he or she has. The medical professionals will decide what kind of treatment required by analyzing the characteristics of the patient.

By determining the kind of treatments is provided to a patient is done all the way through observing the patient as well as giving him or her number of tests. In such procedure a team of experts like psychologists, pediatricians and therapists will decide the treatment after going through the patient's test results. The kinds of treatment are as follows.

Physical therapy assists stretch the muscles with the cerebral palsy. It can take in muscles exercise, muscles massaging and perhaps using heat. The function for doing this is to help with motor control. It is a number of cases not easy for patients to communicate. The treatments let the patient to exchange a few words with other by means of speech therapy.

Occupational therapy is to help patients for daily living. It comprises household responsibilities and work efforts. There are medications for such patients help to relax their muscles. Those are dealing with muscle seizures as well as medications like Botox will get help from these procedures. Hearing aids or eyeglasses is another option for such patients. This cerebral palsy treatment will lend a hand to get better the injuries of the child.

When therapies do not work the there is need of surgery. In such circumstances surgery could be an alternative choice for the patient. It can assist to reduce spasticity plus it improves muscle tone as well. The cerebral palsy patients more often than not will need a number of assistive technologies like wheelchairs to facilitate them with daily jobs which they could be able to do otherwise.

From time to time the ordinary treatments are just not adequate for a patient. If it is the situation then other treatments could be applied like hyperbaric oxygen therapy which is known as HBOT. As well, the purpose of clinical trials is applied for developing new treatments for cerebral palsy patients.

These are the several kinds of cerebral palsy treatment which could be done after verifying the exact cause. It means that all these healing procedure can not be applied at once or one by one. As previously said, the very first thing is to determine the specific cause for this problem then the medical professionals can conduct the precise treatment to the cerebral palsy patient.

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Cerebral Palsy

Dr. Miller’s valuable resource helps members of the medical team navigate the complexity of cerebral palsy care by explaining unfamiliar treatments that fall outside of their own disciplines.

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Written in a very conversational style and illustrated with lots of color the volume provides rehabilitational (part 1) and surgical aspects (part 2).

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Etiology of Cerebral Palsy - Commonly Observed Factors in Cerebral Palsy Etiology

Cerebral Palsy is not just a single disease with one origin. This disorder stems from multiple causes which results in a group of disorder. When it comes to etiology of cerebral palsy there are various factors to be considered. The factors like alcohol and drugs, premature birth, maternity infections etc come into the picture. Let us now discus some of these factors in detail. Long labor usually causes health problems in newborns. This health problem may also include cerebral palsy by causing a brain damage in newborn. There are two important factors which cause the potential risk of prolonged labor. Suppose your baby is stuck in birth canal and experiences lack of oxygen supply then there are high chances of occurrence of CP. If you have not delivered within 24 hours of your water breakage then such scenario may lead to cerebral palsy. Hence both of these risk factors extend the labor and hence damages newborn's brain.

Most of the women are not aware of the fact that baby protection starts before one's conception. If a woman is addicted to alcohol or smoke or any other illicit drug then it means that she is taking the risk of developing cerebral palsy in her child which would result in permanent or in some devastating lifelong health problems.

Consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can be considered as an etiology of cerebral palsy. The baby cannot fight against the ill effects occurred due to alcohol consumption at the time of its growth in the womb. Consumption of drugs at maternity seriously affects the newborn's nervous system, internal organs and blood vessels. This in turn increases the chance of brain damage and the low birth weight. The premature birth of a baby is one of the main causes of cerebral palsy. One can avoid such situations only by undergoing a thorough health checkup during pregnancy and a little bit of extra care would help your baby stay away from such complications.

The other concern that is less obvious is that you should always look for the most experienced OBGYN you can find during your pregnancy. They can offer a lot of good advice about your individual case, such as whether you should be eating more or less, or what kinds of foods might best compliment what you're already doing. Everyone is unique, and finding the best balance can make you as healthy as possible before birth. In addition, many cases of CP are caused by doctor error, so picking the best doctor really helps minimize risk.

More Cerebral palsy etiology information can be found at http://cerebral-palsy-types.com/.

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Cerebral Palsy Cases

Though cerebral palsy has been known to have its cause in the fetal developmental stage itself, yet, medical negligence cannot be entirely ruled out. This is the reason why cerebral palsy litigation has become a specialized branch of its own. Legal firms dealing in cerebral palsy litigation employ medical professionals to do medical sleuthing for them. This is because the medical field is very specialized and it is not possible for a legal person to know all the ins and outs of treatment and birth procedures. With time, their expertise does improve; still the help afforded by a trained medical eye is very essential.

An unbelievable $120 million verdict was awarded for a delayed breech delivery. The ruling said that an earlier delivery would have prevented the permanent brain damage that the child suffered. Damages of $103 million were awarded in favor of another child victimized due to a delayed delivery. The delay caused a lack of oxygen supply to the child's brain that resulted in cerebral palsy.

If the attending doctors fail to recognize a symptom in the mother that could be a potential cause for cutting off oxygen supply to the fetus, he or she can be held responsible for the child's condition. In one such case, the attending doctor failed to recognize abdominal pain as a symptom of the placenta separating from the uterus. This condition is known as a placental abruption and a delay in attending to the mother resulted in the child's brain getting insufficient oxygen. As a result the child had permanent brain damage.

At times there is a failure to detect and treat a newborn's jaundiced condition in time. This causes bilirubin levels to reach dangerously high levels and lead to permanent brain damage. There have been cases where compensation has been awarded on these grounds.

While most medical institutions and medical personnel take utmost care while performing their duties, mistakes can and do happen. And as per the law of the land if the mistake is proven, the guilty has to pay for his or her mistake.

Cerebral Palsy Lawyers provides detailed information on cerebral palsy lawyers, ataxic cerebral palsy lawyer, athetoid cerebral palsy lawyer, spastic cerebral palsy lawyer and more. Cerebral Palsy Lawyers is affiliated with Medical Power Of Attorney.

Overcoming the Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy Cognitive Impairment

Cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by injury to the parts of the brain that control movements in the muscles. It is commonly thought that kids with cerebral palsy will also suffer from cognitive impairment or mental retardation (I hate that word). But this simply isn't true. Statistics show that only 65% of kids with CP will also suffer some form of cognitive impairment.

Cognitive impairment is caused by damage to the parts of the brain that relate to learning and not by damage to the areas of the brain that control muscle movement. Just because a child has CP doesn't automatically mean they will experience cognitive impairment of learning difficulties. Learning difficulties as a result of cerebral palsy is most common in children with spastic quadriplegia.

How CP is caused is still a bit of a mystery and many parents find themselves frustrated at the lack of answers to their questions of 'how did this happen?' I certainly did. My baby was full term, ticked all the boxes at his various pre-birth checks and yet was diagnosed with right sided hemiplegia at 4 months.

According to scientific studies, babies whose mothers are older than thirty-five years old are susceptible to this condition. Complications during pregnancy can also lead to the development of this condition. Mothers who have suffered from herpes-type viruses and German measles will have more chances of causing severe brain damage to the brains of their unborn children. Birth canal infections and the usage of hormones during pregnancy can also lead to cerebral palsy.

Alcohol and drug abuse during pregnancy can also lead to cognitive impairment. Some prescription medications can also lead to foetal damage. Difficult labour, maternal infections, and other complications during childbirth can also lead to serious conditions like brain damage and cerebral palsy.

And you know what? Sometimes you did all that you could do to avoid any of the possible causes I've mentioned and your child still has cerebral palsy. That's the way it is sometimes.

Taking care of children with cerebral palsy
If your child is suffering from cerebral palsy, you have to pay attention to his cognitive and emotional needs. A long-term treatment method can hone your child's potentials and give him the chance to lead a normal life. Here are some of the most common methods used for easing the symptoms of cerebral palsy.

Speech therapy can improve your child's speech problems while helping him overcome the various challenges in his speech patterns. Start improving his ability to speak by giving him a wide array of stimulating activities. Once you have improved his speech, his ability to eat may also increase as he gains a level of mastery of the muscles in the mouth.

Physical therapy is also an element in caring for children with cerebral palsy. Start developing your child's muscles and coordination at a young age. This can decrease his dependence on various mobility aids and give him the freedom to do easy tasks without your help. Early therapy can also prevent his muscles from being permanently immobile and rigid.

You can also engage your child in vision and hearing therapy sessions in order to help him overcome the symptoms of cognitive impairment. Hearing aids can give your child the chance to interact better with other people.

Sensory integration therapy is also a popular method used in caring for children with cerebral palsy. This approach can help your children reach his potentials by overcoming the problems affecting his capability to absorb and to process sensory stimuli. Aside from improving your child's cognitive condition, this natural approach can also improve their steady movement. Sensory integration therapy includes activities for stimulating the kinaesthetic sensations through tangible items. Water, textured toys, and Styrofoam are only some of the items used for this therapeutic approach.

Caring for a child with cerebral palsy is hard work and can often be frustrating if you don't see signs of improvement. But remember that your love is what your child needs the most as you face the on going challenges in overcoming the symptoms of cerebral palsy cognitive impairment.

My son was diagnosed with cerebral palsy at 4 months. He's 8 now and whilst life is still a struggle for us both, I sometimes think I'm the one who has a harder time coping with his CP than he does. If you'd like more information on cerebral palsy and the brain then please visit the blog I've made to share information on CP: KidsWithCerebralPalsy.com. If you are the parent of a child with CP, my thoughts are with you.

Causes, Signs, Symptoms and Treatment of Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral Palsy is an abnormality in moving and controlling movements; it is acquired at an early age and is caused by brain damage that makes it non-progressive. It is thought that about one in 500 children in the UK has some form of cerebral palsy.

The causes of cerebral palsy are many. It usually results from some damage to certain parts of the developing brain in infants. This damage to the brain generally occurs early in the pregnancy, when the brain is starting to form. However, it can also occur after birth or in the first few years of the life of a child. Various problems during birth, specifically inadequate oxygen, are root cause of cerebral palsy. So, it can occur before birth (prenatal), during birth or after birth (post natal).

Some of the cases of cerebral palsy are listed below;

? Infection, seizure disorder, thyroid disorder in the mother.

? Birth defects, especially those affecting the brain, spinal cord, head and lungs.

? Rh factor incompatibility, which is basically a difference in the blood between mother and the foetus that can cause brain damage in the foetus

? Certain hereditary and genetic conditions

? Premature birth

? Low birth weight (especially if less than 2 pounds at birth)

? Severe jaundice after birth

? Multiple births (twins, triplets)

There are innumerable symptoms of cerebral palsy, but unfortunately, the symptoms of this disease do not manifest in the early infancy. They begin to be obvious as the child matures. The problems and disabilities, associated with cerebral palsy, range from very mild to very severe. This range varies according to the brain damage. The symptoms may be very subtle and noticeable only to medical professionals. The symptoms include:

? Delay in controlling head, rolling over, sitting without support, crawling or walking.

? Limbs may be held in very unusual or awkward positions. For example, spastic leg muscles may cause legs to cross in a scissor-like position.

? The limb movement of the child may be abnormal, either unusually jerky or abrupt.

? Some of the children suffering from cerebral-palsy may be mentally retarded.

? About one third of the children with cerebral-palsy have seizures.

? The children might have speech problems and difficulty in speaking.

? A child with cerebral-palsy may not respond to sounds or have vision problems.

The vision problems include weakness of eye muscles. In addition to this, dental problems can also be associated with cerebral-palsy.

You need to monitor your child carefully to see if he shows any signs of cerebral-palsy, especially if he was born prematurely, had a low birth weight, or was subject to certain complications of pregnancy, labour or delivery. In case of a sign of any of the following, visit the health care provider of your child. The signs for which you need to be cautious are;

? Frequent seizures. The movements of child seem unusually jerky, abrupt and uncoordinated.

? Your child does not blink in response to loud noises by age 1 month, or turn his head towards the sound by 4 months

? Your child does not sit up unsupported by age 7 months.

? Your child does not say words by age 12 months.

? One eye of your child is turned inward or outward.

? There is some sort of abnormality in the walking style of your child.

Find more about Cerebral palsy here.

What is the Latest Advanced Treatment of Cerebral Palsy?

Cerebral palsy can be commonly termed as brain paralysis. It is a condition relating to disorders of body movement, balance and posture. The major causes of cerebral palsy include abnormal development or damage to one or more parts of the brain, which may result in disorders in body movement, balance and posture. Cerebral palsy is detected in the early phase of life as the development of the infant is slowed.

The problems caused by cerebral palsy include muscle stiffness, poor muscle tone, uncontrolled movements, and problems with posture, balance, coordination, walking, speech, swallowing, mental retardation, seizures, breathing, learning disabilities, bladder and bowel control problems, skeletal deformities, eating difficulties, dental problems, digestive problems, hearing and vision problems, and many other related problems.

Cerebral palsy can be further divided into spastic (pyramidal), dyskinetic (extrapyramidal) and mixed. Spastic (pyramidal) includes muscle stiffness and jerky and awkward movements. Dyskinetic (extrapyramidal) includes coordination of movements and can be further divided into 2 sub-categories: athetoid and ataxic. The mixed type may include a mix of any of the above mentioned types.

There are different types of treatments for cerebral-palsy, which are further discussed in this article. These are physical therapy (PT), occupational therapy (OT), speech-language pathology (S/L), physical, behavioural therapy, drug therapy, surgery and mechanical aids.

The physical therapy is aimed at helping the child develop strong muscles and help him in learning walk, sit and maintain his balance. The occupational therapy is aimed at developing fine motor skills of the child such as dressing, feeding, writing and other daily living tasks. The speech-language therapy is aimed at developing the communication skills of the child as he may have problems with his tongue muscles causing problems in speech.

Assistive technology, which includes communication devices and computer technology, is used in aid to these therapies. These technologies have communication boards, augmentative communication devices and electronic toys with special switches to sophisticated computer programs, which help the children in improving their performance.

Then, there are physical, behavioural and other therapies for the treatment of cerebral-palsy. All these technologies are used collaboratively to provide maximum support and care to the children with cerebral palsy, so that they can have better growth and development.

Drug therapy is often carried out to control the seizures and to reduce abnormal movements in the patients of cerebral-palsy. If the contractures are very severe, and they cause immense problems in movement, surgery is also done. The surgical procedures often involve the lengthening of the muscles or tendons, in case they are short than the normal. Chronic cerebellar stimulation and stereotaxic thalamotomy is included in experimental surgical techniques. These are used to stimulate certain cerebellar nerves.

These are some of the treatments that are carried out to help the people cerebral-palsy so that they can lead a better life and to reduce their dependency on other people. However, all these treatments are very time consuming, and they require a lot of patience from the patient as well as his family. These methods and techniques have so far been very successful to a great extent and for treating cerebral palsy.

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The Advantages of Hiring a Cerebral Palsy Attorney

In children born with cerebral palsy, everything from speaking and walking to general movement is constricted and difficult. Depending of the severity of the condition, children with this condition are prevented from living a normal lifestyle. Even if they only suffer from a milder form of the condition, it still hinders them from fully functioning as average children do.

There are many reasons why children are born with cerebral-palsy. It could be caused by infections that develop in the brain, such as meningitis, or it could be caused by a fall or a birth defect. In these cases, cerebral-palsy is sometimes unavoidable.

What many parents do not realize is that there are times when it is caused by the negligence of medical staff during pregnancy and the delivery itself. Consequently, it is wise to contact a Chicago cerebral-palsy attorney to determine the cause of the condition.

Cerebral palsy can be caused by an insufficient oxygen supply to the brain during birth. Medical staff such as doctors and nurses should be able to detect this quickly and retrieve the baby from the womb via C-section or otherwise in order to save the baby from any negative health consequences.

This condition can also be caused by the negligence of doctors that failed to treat the mother for infections that developed during pregnancy. By not doing so, they allow non-treatable brain damage that will affect the child for the rest of his or her life. A Chicago cerebral palsy attorney will be able to determine whether or not the mother should have been treated for an infection or not.

Parents in such cases are often given the run-around by the doctors and other medical staff involved, and so parents can never be absolutely certain of the true cause of their child's condition. Which is why you should contact an attorney if your child suffers from cerebral palsy whether you believe that it was due to medical negligence or not. The attorneys will retain their own independent medical experts to discern whether or not the condition is due to medical negligence or not.

In every state, including Illinois, there is a time limit in which a birth injury case must be filed. This is why you should consult with a cerebral palsy lawyer as soon as you suspect something is wrong with your child. If you wait too long, you will be forever barred from seeking legal recourse for your child's condition.

A Chicago cerebral palsy attorney should be able to provide a free consultation to provide the parents with the appropriate information and the steps involved in a lawsuit if one should take place. There are many lawyers to choose from, but you should contact an attorney with experience handling cerebral palsy birth injury cases. They will be able to access the medical files and their medical consultants will be able to examine the evidence and discern the actual causes of the condition.

Negligence on the part of medical staff and hospitals during labor and delivery can have tragic consequences for the parents and their children suffering from cerebral palsy. A Chicago cerebral palsy attorney may help you get the justice you and your child deserve.

Robert is an expert on Chicago cerebral palsy attorney.

Cerebral Palsy Resource Guide for Speech-Language Pathologists

A new title in the Resource Guide Series, this text is a practical tool providing speech-language pathologists working in schools, clinics, or medical settings with information regarding the assessment and treatment of communication and feeding/swallowing disorders in children and adults with cerebral palsy. In addition to a cutting edge review of cerebral palsy, this resource provides assessment and treatment resources and tools that the clinician can use directly with clients. Case studies round out the book, providing users with excellent models of assessment and treatment in action with this special population.

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Cerebral Palsy; Life with Cerebral Palsy

"Definition of Cerebral Palsy: This is a disorder of movement and posture which is apparent in the early years. It is due to damage or failure in development of the part of the brain concerned with movement. Adjacent parts of the brain may also be injured and this may lead to poor sight, deafness or other perceptual difficulties. Children with cerebral palsy may also have learning difficulties. Impairment resulting from cerebral palsy may be very slight or very severe".

What will you feel if one of your family members is showing the symptoms of cerebral palsy? Will you be in panic? Or rush off to grab a book to read more information about the condition in which babies are typically affected? It is very important to learn about the symptoms of cerebral palsy and its effects to the life of a person that suffers from it.

It is also important to let those people feel the love and care of their love ones. What is really Cerebral palsy? And how can these conditions affects or change the life of a person?

Cerebral palsy is a condition in which the patient is having an impaired control movement or involuntarily movement of the body. This condition is caused by the damage of the motor areas of the brain that disrupts the brain's ability to control movement and posture. This only means, that people with cerebral palsy encounter much difficulty in maintaining balance or posture in walking.

Some patients have difficulty in controlling the muscles of the body. It doesn't mean that when a person has a cerebral palsy, their symptoms must be the same with other patients having the same conditions. There are lot of symptoms that can be seen in them.

Children or even adults with cerebral palsy will have a great effect in leading a normal life. They can no longer live their life like everyone else. They cannot write, walk, run, or even go to the school together with their friends but they can go to a special school designed for special people like them.

Loving and caring is the most important aspects for them to be able to survive and continuously live with their love ones. Let them feel that they are important, that they have an important role to lead and play in the society. Give them hope, a chance to live better. Don't ignore the symptoms. Treating cerebral palsy may be a lifetime battle, but it is all well worth it.

Hector Milla at http://www.CerebralPalsySymptoms.info remembers you that while cerebral palsy is incurable, many of the cerebral palsy symptoms can be treated. Click for further information.

Handling the Young Child with Cerebral Palsy at Home

Fundamental to the successful treatment of children with cerebral palsy is the cooperation of parents in home handling. The long-awaited new edition of this classic and popular text has been expanded and updated to include a wealth of new information for therapists, nurses, parents and carers.

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What Causes Cerebral Palsy?

It is not surprising to many people when they hear that thousands of babies born all over the globe are affected by cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is certainly not a contagious disease as some people think it to be. Moreover, it is certainly not a byproduct of this new world filled with technological advancements. It has been around for centuries, and only in 1861, did physicians begin their study of this disorder.

A child struck by this disorder in their early years of life can be distinguished from other normal children of the same age by the stiff muscles in both their arms and legs, which prevent them from crawling, walking and even from trying to grasp their toys or any other objects. Cerebral palsy means disorder of the part of the brain which causes muscles to become weak. There is no muscle coordination at all and this prevents them from changing their body positions with ease.

Cerebral palsy happens when the brain, which gives out commands to the body to perform certain actions, gets affected. Depending upon the part of the brain that gets affected, cerebral palsy in children can vary. While some children may find it difficult to walk, others may find it difficult to talk, eat, or even play. The causes of Cerebral Palsy remain a mystery to most in the medical field. It is possible that babies can be subject to injuries to their brain especially if they are premature especially when they are being delivered. The heads of these babies will often be soft and tender and needs to be handled careful. Either any force used by hands or any instruments like forceps can cause grievous injuries to the baby's brain. Even those babies that are put on ventilators to breathe are at risk of contracting cerebral palsy.

Causes of Cerebral palsy are mostly due to brain injury either before birth, during birth or just shortly after birth. A number of factors can cause cerebral palsy. However, two important problems are determined to be the main causes of cerebral palsy. The first cause is brain damage where the brain has failed to develop to its full potential. The second cause is damage to the developing brain. Bleeding in the brain can also cause this disorder in a newborn baby especially a premature one. At times, some babies fail to get the desired oxygen their brain needs while they are still in their mother's stomach or just after their birth. The severity of the brain damage is directly related to the length of time the baby goes without oxygen.

Other causes of cerebral palsy in a child will be when the pregnant mother happens to contract any other infections or diseases like rubella, herpes simplex etc. Most of these infections can cause damage to the fetal brain during its development stage. In addition, mothers who have high risks like blood pressure, diabetes and incompatible blood type can also be responsible of their babies having cerebral palsy. Research is still being conducted on what exactly causes cerebral palsy in children.

Melvin Kops, the author of many articles regarding health, nutrition and medicine is an expert in his field. Well qualified in medicine, Kops has been writing about various diseases like cerebral palsy their causes and their possible cures. Having a keen interest in writing, Kops has coupled his knowledge of medicine with his flair of writing to dispense information about various diseases and cures.

Cerebral Palsy - Causes, Types and Treatment

"Cerebral" is medical terminology for the brain. "Palsy" means a disorder of movement or posture. So in simple terms, Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes a group of conditions where movement and posture are affected as a result of damage to one or more areas of the brain. Cerebral palsy is characterized by an inability to fully control motor function, particularly muscle control and coordination.

Depending on which areas of the brain have been damaged, one or more of the following may also be present although every person with CP is affected in a different way:

Balance and coordination problems
Difficulty controlling and maintaining posture (help required to sit upright)
Epilepsy - Up to one in three children with CP also have epilepsy.
Difficulty eating and drinking (swallowing) and talking
Learning difficulties

Cerebral Palsy is the most common childhood physical disability. Around one in every 400 children born in developed countries has CP. In the United States, it is estimated that some 764,000 children and adults exhibit one or more of the symptoms of Cerebral Palsy. Around 8,000 babies and infants are newly diagnosed with the condition each year. Despite medical advances, incidence has not declined over the last 60 years.

Often the exact cause of a child developing Cerebral Palsy is not known, but contributing factors can include infections such as meningitis, bleeding into the brain, pressure or blows to the head and lack of oxygen. These may have occurred before, during or after birth and the severity of the cause will affect the severity of the damage caused to the brain. For example, each minute that a baby is deprived of oxygen during a difficult delivery will increase the extent of brain damage caused.

Cerebral Palsy is classified into three main types; Spastic, Athetoid and Ataxic. Those with Spastic CP have muscles that are weak, tight or stiff making it difficult for the person to make controlled movements. Those with stiff or tight muscles will find it difficult to fully extend arms and legs, while those with weak muscles may be unable to stand unaided. Spastic Cerebral Palsy is the most common type of cerebral palsy, accounting for nearly 80 percent of all cerebral palsy cases.

Athetoid Cerebral Palsy is caused by damage to the cerebellum or basal ganglia. These two areas of the brain work in opposition to create smooth, coordinated movements as well as maintaining body posture. Damage to one or both of these areas creates an imbalance that may cause a child to develop involuntary, uncoordinated movements, especially in the face, arms, and trunk. Secondary problems with eating, speaking, picking up objects may also result from the imbalance. Approximately 10% of those with Cerebral Palsy are Athetoid.

Ataxic Cerebral Palsy is characterised by low muscle tone and poor coordination of movements. Ataxic children look very unsteady and shaky and have a disturbed sense of balance and depth perception. This is particularly apparent when walking which is unsteady and can resemble an intoxicated adult. Ataxic children can also suffer from shaky hands which make it difficult to hold a pencil and write.

Although Cerebral Palsy is not progressive (the brain damage does not get worse) and there is no cure (brain damage can not be repaired), tight, stiff or weak muscles will become increasingly so as the child gets older without therapy or treatment and in severe cases surgery. As a result, the child will inevitably become more dependant on their parent or carer and less able to lead any sort of independent life. Appropriate and regular therapy provided from an early age can significantly improve mobility and coordination abilities, independence and quality of life.

Sally Aspinall is founder and director of the Cerebral Palsy Physiotherapy Centre, the only centre of its kind in the UK providing therapy and treatment to cerebral palsy and brain injured children and adults from around the world. Sally can be contacted via the CPPC website or email sallyaspinall@cppcltd.co.uk

Only You Christine, Only You!: One Woman's Journey Through Life With Cerebral Palsy

As a woman with Cerebral Palsy, I strongly believe that I am qualified to share wisdom that only I have gained from my life. Also, as a professor of Disability Studies at Ramapo College of New Jersey, this memoir mayhelp the reader to understand this academic discipline.

As a professor with CP, educating future generations in university intertwines with my personal experiences. My "personal interest" in writing this memoir was not my own; it was my mother's dream to have her daughter write her life story. I wrote this memoir as a "thank you" to her. By the time the book was finished, I felt a need to publish it because I thought it might be of interest to more people than just my mother.

My life is far from a Hallmark story, and this manuscript is not about overcoming or accomplishing -- it's just a story of one life.

I am a wife to a beautiful soul. You will read about him throughout the book.We live in central New Jersey, with tons of plants. My passion is to help others to understand Disability Studies, thus my husband and I are worldwide travelers and we cherish our surroundings, wherever we may be.I have three nieces and one nephew, all beautiful and uniquely distinct. My sister is my best friend and my brothers have protected me throughout my life. My father is my hero and I'm his little girl.

Thanks, Dad.

So come with me and enjoy the journey, which happens to "Only You, Christine, Only You!

Price: $15.95

Click here to buy from Amazon

Cerebral Palsy Lawyer Resources

Medical mistakes during delivery cause thousands of cerebral palsy case each year. There are many sources of help and support to parents who are living with the trauma of raising a child afflicted by cerebral palsy. There are a number of government supported programs and services available that provide help with education, parent teaching, assertive technology and therapy. In most cases, the State Department of Education coordinates these services. There are directories available that contain names, addresses, phone numbers and additional contact information for thousands of agencies and organizations that provide support, assistance, referrals and guidance to people.

A number of centers with facilities for online support also exist. The Cerebral Palsy Lawyer Network is a national network of cerebral palsy attorneys, located throughout the US. This network has lawyers who have been appointed and approved after extensive research. Because of their experience in dealing with parents of CP victims, they understand the trauma and the expense involved in treating a child with cerebral palsy. The lawyers aggressively pursue settlements on behalf of their clients. No fee is charged until recovery. Some of the country's finest law firms and legal associations have gotten together to form Online Lawyer Source. This lawyer resource does its best to provide accurate information and proper advice and would be worthwhile to explore.

Birth Injury Legal Network is another resource that can help in identifying signs of medical negligence. Once the case is established, a lawyer works out a figure to cover the lifetime medical costs and emotional damages. This figure is reasonable and based on economic cost and non-economic factors such as pain and suffering, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment in life.

Cerebral Palsy Lawyers provides detailed information on cerebral palsy lawyers, ataxic cerebral palsy lawyer, athetoid cerebral palsy lawyer, spastic cerebral palsy lawyer and more. Cerebral Palsy Lawyers is affiliated with Medical Power Of Attorney.

Everything You Need To Know About Cerebral Palsy And How To Cope With It!

Cerebral palsy or cp, is not a single condition but rather a group of disorders which cause motor disability affecting body movements and muscle coordination caused by damage to one or more specific areas of the brain

Many variables contribute to the cause of cerebral palsy, the most commonly of which is brain injury before or during birth. It can also happen after birth due to brain damage in the very early years, perhaps from bacterial meningitis or a head injury.

Children with cerebral palsy may not be able to walk, talk, eat or play in the same ways as most other children and will, unfortunately, have it all their lives.

Although children with very mild cerebral palsy occasionally recover by the time they are school-aged, it is usually a lifelong disability.

In most cases, the movement and other problems associated with cerebral palsy affect what a child is able to learn and do to varying degrees throughout their life.

However, It is important to realize that cerebral palsy is not a disease or illness. It isn't contagious and it doesn't get worse.

Depending on which areas of the brain have been affected, one or more of the following may occur: muscle tightness or spasm; involuntary movement; disturbance in gait and mobility; abnormal sensation and perception; impairment of sight, hearing or speech and seizures.

In the United States today, more people have cerebral palsy than any other developmental disability. About two children out of every thousand born have some type of cerebral palsy. Studies have shown that at least 5000 infants and toddlers and 1,200 - 1,500 preschoolers are diagnosed with cerebral palsy each year. In all, approximately 500,000 people in the US have some degree of cerebral palsy.

The term cerebral palsy itself encompasses many different disorders of movement and posture. To describe these, pediatricians, neurologists, and therapists use several classification systems and many different labels.

Doctors frequently delay in making a diagnosis of cerebral palsy in young children. This is due to the plasticity of a child's central nervous system. The brains of very young children have a much greater capacity to repair themselves than do adult brains.

Also a child's nervous system organizes over time, therefore health care professionals need to assess the child's strengths and needs in all areas.

Generally, however, a child's motor symptoms stabilize by two to three years of age. After this age, tone is probably not going to change dramatically.

New insights into the nature of cerebral palsy are being researched and discovered providing more effective therapies to assist children with cp to learn how to optimize their manipulative capacities.

Haig Meyer is a veteran of the alternative medicine industry and has a wealth of knowledge and expertise that he likes to share with others of like mind. He has written extensively on health issues over the years and is well known for his humor and incisive reports. If you have a question, he usually has the answer. You can visit his website at: http://www.cerebral-palsey.info

Cerebral Palsy Treatment

Families that have children with cerebral palsy know that there is no cure for it.  The only thing that families can do is get the best treatment for their child.  What type of treatments considered for a child depends on what type of cerebral palsy they have.  The medical staff will determine what type they have by the characteristics the patient has.Determining which type of treatments is given to a patient is done through observing the patient and giving them some tests.  In this process a team of professionals such as therapists, psychologists and pediatricians will determine, based on the results of the patient, which treatments suit them. 

Types of treatments:

Physical therapy - This method of therapy helps stretch the muscles of a patient with cerebral palsy.  This can include exercising the muscles, massaging the muscles and possibly using heat.  The purpose of this is to help with motor control. 

Speech therapy - It is sometimes difficult for patients with cerebral palsy to communicate.  With speech therapy, the treatments allow them to communicate with other means. 

Occupational therapy - This treatment is to assist patients with this in their everyday living.  This includes household duties and work duties. 

Medication - There are medications for cerebral palsy patients that will help relax their muscles.  Patients deal with muscle spasms and medications such as Botox will help those problems.

Surgery - There are times when therapies just don't help.  In these situations surgery may be an option for the patient.  Surgeries can help decrease spasticity and improve muscle tone. 

Hearing aids, eyeglasses - It is common of cerebral palsy patients to have hearing or vision problems.  These treatments will help improve the impairments of the child.

Assistive technologies - Cerebral palsy patients usually will require some type of assistive technologies such as wheelchairs to help them with everyday jobs that they may not otherwise be able to do so.

Other Cerebral Palsy treatments - Sometimes the common treatments are just not enough for a patient with it.  If this is the case, other treatments may be applied such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).

Clinical trials - The purpose of these trials are to try to develop new treatments for cerebral palsy patients. 

The Cost of Cerebral Palsy Treatment

Cerebral palsy affects many children and there is no cure for it, there are only treatments to help a patient cope with their disability.  Children go through different therapies that suit their needs but the financial costs are overwhelming usually exceeding $500,000.  Insurance doesn't always cover all of the costs, and the families can get stressed with all the costs.  Even those who do not have insurance, the financial load are overwhelming.

There are cases where medical malpractice may have contributed to a child's condition.  Families in this situation often can receive compensation to help cover treatment costs and other expenses. If your child's cerebral palsy could have been prevented be sure to contact a cerebral palsy lawyer to discuss your options.

David Austin is an Attorney focused on complex injury cases. You can learn more about Cerebral Palsy Treatment at his website, Burke-Eisner.com

Cerebral Palsy Claims

Cerebral palsy claims are successful if it can be proven that a child's cerebral palsy, which can be of many different types and have many different causes, was actually caused by hypoxia or oxygen deprivation when it was a foetus, and this arose from a hospital doctor's or nurse's negligence, for example in not carrying out a caesarean section earlier despite signs of foetal distress, such as bradycardia or low foetal heart rate as measured on a cardiotocograph (CTG).

Children injured through medical negligence are currently entitled to Legal Aid funding for their cerebral palsy claims as their claims will deemed meritorious and the child will usually be financially eligible, based on an assessment of their own resources rather than their parent's resources.

The starting point of any claim, and of any application for public funding, is a statement from the child's mother dealing with her full obstetric and gynaecological history, and in particular with the events surrounding this particular child's birth.

Once legal aid is obtained a medical report is obtained from an obstetrician on whether negligent mistakes were made. If the mother's care was midwife led it will often then be necessary to obtain a report from a midwife.

The legal test for clinical negligence is such that if the defendant hospital's obstetrician or midwife can produce another leading obstetrician or midwife to support the treatment that was given, or can refer to a leading textbook, the hospital may be able to successfully defend the claim.Furthermore, to win, the claimant must also prove causation of cerebral palsy by asphyxia on a balance of probabilities, which is frequently difficult.

On receipt of each expert's report it is likely that conferences with the expert/s, the client and a barrister will be arranged by the solicitors to understand and test the expert evidence.

If the report from the obstetrician and /or the midwife is positive on breach of duty, a report from a paediatric neurologist is obtained on whether that mistake caused the cerebral palsy, rather than some other cause.

Additionally if this report is positive, then a report from a neuroradiologist on a child's MRI brain scan can help to establish causation.

Deprivation of oxygen to the brain (asphyxia) or head trauma sustained during labor and/or delivery can cause cerebral palsy. Severe asphyxia for a lengthy period can produce brain damage called hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, which causes many infant deaths.

Asphyxia refers in general terms to the end result of reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to the fetal brain. During labour it is assessed by fetal heart rate monitoring on a cardiotocograph (CTG), the results of fetal scalp blood sampling, and the passage of meconium.

After a child's birth, hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy is a sign that the infant has suffered enough asphyxia to cause some brain injury. Its severity is a far more reliable predictor than a low Apgar score or acidosis.

The infant who develops hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy may require resuscitation at birth. After an interval that may vary from minutes to many hours the infant shows changes in tone, activity, and patterns of primitive reflexes. This may be hyperalertness or declining consciousness. Fits and abnormal movements develop, and there are abnormalities of sucking, feeding, and eye movements. The infant may deteriorate and die, recover completely, or progress slowly and continue to show abnormal neurological signs.

However, it must be stressed that the vast majority of congenital cerebral palsy is not caused by birth asphyxia. Often unknown events during pregnancy, labour, and delivery damage motor centers in the developing brain and cause cerebral palsy. Infections during pregnancy, such as German measles (rubella), cytomegalovirus and toxoplasmosis, can damage the fetus's developing nervous system.

Brain hemorrhage, or bleeding, can occur in the fetus during pregnancy or in newborns around the time of birth, damaging fetal brain tissue and causing neurological problems, including congenital CP. These hemorrhages are a type of stroke that may be caused by broken, abnormal, or clogged blood vessels in or leading to the brain, or by respiratory distress, a common breathing disorder in premature infants.

Assuming, however, that positive reports on breach of duty and causation are obtained and it can be proven that a child's cerebral palsy was actually caused by hypoxia, the next stage in the claim is for a formal detailed letter of claim, usually drafted by counsel, to be sent out to the hospital trust or their solicitors. Realistically it will take them at least six months to reply to this letter substantively in a formal response letter,as they will have to commission their own expert evidence, and on receipt consider and test it.

Normally liability will be disputed and court proceedings will have to be commenced. In order to save costs it is likely that the court will then order a split trial, with quantum only being dealt with if the claimant wins a trial on liability. Before trial various stages are passed through to try to reduce the issues between the opposing medical experts but ultimately it may be necessary for them to give oral evidence at a trial and for a judge to apply the aforementioned tests of medical negligence and causation, and decide whether or not the claimant has proved his or her case.

If so, then the quantum of their successful cerebral palsy claim can run into many millions. During the course of the subsequent proceedings reports are obtained from many quantum experts including speech, physio and occupational therapists, nursing and housing experts. Increasingly such experts are instructed jointly by both parties to save costs.

Based on such quantum reports the Claimant will produce and serve a Schedule of Loss and the Defendant a Counter schedule. If a reasonable quantum settlement cannot be reached and approved by the court, which is in order to protect the claimant, a trial on quantum will have to take place. Once damages are awarded they will be administered by the Court of Protection on the Claimant's behalf.

David Dickie (d.dickie@timms-law.com) is a member of the Law Society's Clinical Negligence Panel and is a solicitor with Timms Solicitors, Derby, UK.
Read his guide to cerebral palsy claims at http://www.timms-law.com/cerebral-palsy-claims.aspx and at http://www.timms-law.com/cerebral-palsy-claims-solicitors.aspx.